This study, evaluated the allelopathic effects of Parthemim hysterophorus L. aqueous extracts on the germination and seedlings growth of noxious weed Portulaca oleracea L. The lower concentrations inhibited the germination and the sub-lethal concentrations decreased the germination and seedlings growth. The Microscopic analysis of the affected seedlings showed necrosis of primordial roots that caused death of seedlings. The phytochemical composition of the extracts was analysed by GC-MS, it revealed the presence with phytotoxic properties. Our study highlighted the herbicidal potential of aqueous extracts of P. hysterophorus L. on agricultural weed P. oleracea L.