When the kidneys produce a crystallized substance, it acts as a kidney stone. Usually, it is affected by various risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypertension and age) and treatments are available. Even though renal stone disease occurs in the older people, but the precise mechanisms of kidney stone formation and growth are still not entirely understood. Urinary stones are formed by crystals of phosphate, uric acid, magnesium ammonium phosphate, apatite and struvite. This review describes the (i). Pathogenesis, (ii). Stone formation and (iii). Prevention approaches. It also compares the surgical, herbal and allopathic urolithiasis treatments. The minerals in the body are depleted by kidney stones. Patients who have higher blood lipid levels may be more likely to develop kidney stones than healthy people. The patients are advised to consume low-fat foods, plant-based fibers and herbal treatments. Many people seek herbal therapy, because plant-based medication has fewer side effects and more efficient. To remove any kidney stone-related issues, combining herbal remedies with allopathic treatment is best option.